Effects of mesoscale gravity waves on sporadic E simulated by a one-dimensional dynamic model
In addition to being driven by tidal winds, the sporadic E (Es) layers are modulated by gravity waves (GWs), although the effects are not yet comprehensively understood.In this article, we discuss the effects of mesoscale GWs on the Es layers determined by using a newly developed model, MISE-1D (one-dimensional Scissors Model of Ionospheric Sporadi